Introduction

Configuration Reference

This page is a reference to the different ways of configuring your Vercel projects and Vercel CLI.

Using a vercel.json configuration file, placed at the root of a project, you can provide a list of options that changes the default behavior of the Vercel platform.

Configuration options for the following are described on this page:

Project

functions

Type: Object of key String and value Object.

Key definition:

A glob pattern that matches the paths of the Serverless Functions you would like to customize (like api/*.js or api/test.js).

Value definition:

• runtime (optional): The npm package name of a Runtime, including its version.
• memory (optional): An integer defining the memory your Serverless Function should be provided with (between 128 and 3008, in intervals of 64).
• maxDuration (optional): An integer defining how long your Serverless Function should be allowed to run on every request in seconds (between 1 and the maximum limit of your plan, as mentioned below).
• includeFiles (optional): A glob pattern to match files that should be included in your Serverless Function. If you’re using a Community Runtime, the behavior might vary. Please consult its documentation for more details.
• excludeFiles (optional): A glob pattern to match files that should be excluded from your Serverless Function. If you’re using a Community Runtime, the behavior might vary. Please consult its documentation for more details.

Description:

By default, no configuration is needed to deploy Serverless Functions to Vercel.

For all officially supported runtimes, the only requirement is to create an api directory at the root of your project directory, placing your Serverless Functions inside.

When deployed, each Serverless Function receives the following properties:

• Memory: 1024 MB (1 GB)
• Maximum Execution Duration: 10s (Hobby), 60s (Pro), or 900s (Enterprise)

To configure them, you can add the functions property like so:

{
  "functions": {
    "api/test.js": {
      "memory": 3008,
      "maxDuration": 60
    }
  }
}

Both sub properties are optional and need to match the following constraints mentioned at the top of this section.

In order to use a runtime that is not officially supported, you can add a runtime property to the definition:

{
  "functions": {
    "api/test.php": {
      "runtime": "vercel-php@0.1.0"
    }
  }
}

In the example above, the api/test.php Serverless Function does not use one of the officially supported runtimes. In turn, a runtime property was added in order to invoke the vercel-php community runtime.

For more information on Runtimes, see the documentation:

regions

Type: Array of region identifier String.

Valid values: a list of valid region identifiers.

By setting and modifying this value, you can decide the deployment regions of the Serverless Functions that get created as a result of the build steps. By default, the closest region to the geographical location of the deployment is used, or if you are using Git, SFO is used by default.

This value does not impact static files or edge caches, since deployments always have a CDN layer in front.

The special value all can be used to target all available regions.

{
  "regions": ["sfo1", "bru"]
}

public

Type: Boolean.

Default Value: false.

When set to true, both the source view and logs view will be publicly accessible.

{
  "public": true
}

cleanUrls

Type: Boolean.

Default Value: false.

When set to true, all HTML files and Serverless Functions will have their extension removed. When visiting a path that ends with the extension, a 308 response will redirect the client to the extensionless path.

For example, a static file named about.html will be served when visiting the /about path. Visiting /about.html will redirect to /about.

Similarly, a Serverless Function named api/user.go will be served when visiting /api/user. Visiting /api/user.go will redirect to /api/user.

{
  "cleanUrls": true
}

trailingSlash

Type: Boolean.

Default Value: undefined.

false

When trailingSlash: false, visiting a path that ends with a forward slash will respond with a 308 status code and redirect to the path without the trailing slash.

For example, the /about/ path will redirect to /about.

{
  "trailingSlash": false
}

true

When trailingSlash: true, visiting a path that does not end with a forward slash will respond with a 308 status code and redirect to the path with a trailing slash.

For example, the /about path will redirect to /about/.

However, paths with a file extension will not redirect to a trailing slash.

For example, the /about/styles.css path will not redirect, but the /about/styles path will redirect to /about/styles/.

{
  "trailingSlash": true
}

undefined

When trailingSlash: undefined, visiting a path with or without a trailing slash will not redirect.

For example, both /about and /about/ will serve the same content without redirecting.

This is not recommended because it could lead to search engines indexing two different pages with duplicate content.

redirects

Type: Array of redirect Object.

Valid values: a list of redirect definitions.

Limits:

• A maximum of 1,024 redirects in the array.
• A maximum of string length of 4,096 for the source and destination values.

Redirect object definition:

• source: A pattern that matches each incoming pathname (excluding querystring).
• destination: A location destination defined as an absolute pathname or external URL.
• permanent: A boolean to toggle between permanent and temporary redirect (default true). When true, the status code is 308. When false the status code is 307.

This example configures custom redirects that map to static files, Serverless Functions, and external URLs.

{
  "redirects": [
    { "source": "/me", "destination": "/profile.html" },
    { "source": "/user", "destination": "/api/user", "permanent": false },
    { "source": "/view-source", "destination": "https://github.com/vercel/vercel" }
  ]
}

In some rare cases, you might need to assign a custom status code for older HTTP Clients to properly redirect. In these cases, you can use the statusCode property instead of the permanent property, but not both.

rewrites

Type: Array of rewrite Object.

Valid values: a list of rewrite definitions.

Limits:

• A maximum of 1,024 rewrites in the array.
• A maximum of string length of 4,096 for the source and destination values.

Rewrite object definition:

• source: A pattern that matches each incoming pathname (excluding querystring).
• destination: An absolute pathname to an existing resource or an external URL.

This example configures custom rewrites that map to static files, Serverless Functions, automatic query string matching, and a wildcard proxy.

{
  "rewrites": [
    { "source": "/about", "destination": "/about-our-company.html" },
    { "source": "/resize/:width/:height", "destination": "/api/sharp" },
    { "source": "/user/:id", "destination": "/api/user" },
    { "source": "/proxy/:match*", "destination": "https://example.com/:match*" }
  ]
}

headers

Type: Array of header Object.

Valid values: a list of header definitions.

Limits:

• A maximum of 1,024 headers in the array.
• A maximum of string length of 4,096 for the source, key, and value values.

Header object definition:

• source: A pattern that matches each incoming pathname (excluding querystring).
• headers: An array of key/value pairs representing each response header.

This example configures custom response headers for static files, Serverless Functions, and a wildcard that matches all routes.

{
  "headers": [
    {
      "source": "/service-worker.js",
      "headers" : [
        {
          "key" : "Cache-Control",
          "value" : "public, max-age=0, must-revalidate"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "source": "/api/feed",
      "headers" : [
        {
          "key" : "Content-Type",
          "value" : "application/rss+xml"
        },
        {
          "key" : "Cache-Control",
          "value" : "public, max-age=3600"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "source": "/(.*)",
      "headers" : [
        {
          "key" : "X-Content-Type-Options",
          "value" : "nosniff"
        },
        {
          "key" : "X-Frame-Options",
          "value" : "DENY"
        },
        {
          "key" : "X-XSS-Protection",
          "value" : "1; mode=block"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

name

Type: String.

Valid values: string name for the deployment.

Limits:

• A maximum length of 52 characters
• Only lower case alphanumeric characters or hyphens are allowed
• Cannot begin or end with a hyphen, or contain multiple consecutive hyphens

The prefix for all new deployment instances. The CLI usually generates this field automatically based on the name of the directory. But if you'd like to define it explicitly, this is the way to go.

The defined name is also used to organize the deployment into a project.

{
  "name": "example-app"
}

version

Type: Number.

Valid values: 1, 2.

Specifies the Vercel Platform version the deployment should use and is known to work with. We strongly recommend setting a version when working on production systems or using source control (e.g. Git).

{
  "version": 2
}

alias

Type: Array or String.

Valid values: domain names (optionally including subdomains) added to the account, or a string for a suffixed URL using .vercel.app or a Custom Deployment Suffix (available on the Enterprise plan).

Limit: A maximum of 64 aliases in the array.

The alias or aliases are applied automatically using Vercel for GitHub, Vercel for GitLab, or Vercel for Bitbucket when merging or pushing to the Production Branch.

You can deploy to the defined aliases using Vercel CLI by setting the production deployment environment target.

{
  "alias": ["my-domain.com", "my-alias"]
}

scope

Type: String.

Valid values: For teams, either an ID or slug. For users, either a email address, username, or ID.

This property determines the scope (user or team) under which the project will be deployed by Vercel CLI.

Furthermore, it also affects any other actions that the user takes within the directory that contains this configuration (e.g. listing Environment Variables using vercel secrets ls).

{
  "scope": "my-team"
}

env

Type: Object of String keys and values.

Valid values: environment keys and values.

Environment variables passed to the invoked Serverless Functions.

This example will pass the MY_KEY static env to all Serverless Functions and SECRET resolved from the my-secret-name Secret dynamically.

{
  "env": {
    "MY_KEY": "this is the value",
    "SECRET": "@my-secret-name"
  }
}

build.env

Type: Object of String keys and values inside the build Object.

Valid values: environment keys and values.

Environment variables passed to the Build processes.

The following example will pass the MY_KEY Environment Variable to all Builds and SECRET resolved from the my-secret-name Secret dynamically.

{
  "build": {
    "env": {
      "MY_KEY": "this is the value",
      "SECRET": "@my-secret-name"
    }
  }
}

builds

Type: Array of build Object.

Valid values: a list of build descriptions whose src references valid source files.

Build object definition:

• src (String): A glob expression or pathname. If more than one file is resolved, one build will be created per matched file. It can include * and **.
• use (String): An npm module to be installed by the build process. It can include a semver compatible version (e.g.: @org/proj@1).
• config (Object): Optionally, an object including arbitrary metadata to be passed to the Builder.

The following will include all HTML files as-is (to be served statically), and build all Python files and JS files into Serverless Functions.

{
  "builds": [
    { "src": "*.html", "use": "@vercel/static" },
    { "src": "*.py", "use": "@vercel/python" },
    { "src": "*.js", "use": "@vercel/node" }
  ]
}

routes

Type: Array of route Object.

Valid values: a list of route definitions.

Route object definition:

• src: A PCRE-compatible regular expression that matches each incoming pathname (excluding querystring).
• methods: A set of HTTP method types. If no method is provided, requests with any HTTP method will be a candidate for the route.
• dest: A destination pathname or full URL, including querystring, with the ability to embed capture groups as $1, $2…
• headers: A set of headers to apply for responses.
• status: A status code to respond with. Can be used in tandem with Location: header to implement redirects.
• continue: A boolean to change matching behavior. If true, routing will continue even when the src is matched.

This example configures custom routes that map to static files and Serverless Functions.

{
  "routes": [
    { "src": "/custom-page", "headers": {"cache-control": "s-maxage=1000"}, "dest": "/index.html" },
    { "src": "/api", "dest": "/my-api.js" },
    { "src": "/users", "methods": ["POST"], "dest": "/users-api.js" },
    { "src": "/users/(?<id>[^/]*)", "dest": "/users-api.js?id=$id" },
    { "src": "/.*", "dest": "https://my-old-site.com"},
    { "src": "/legacy", "status": 404},
    { "src": "/redirect", "status": 308, "headers": { "Location": "https://example.com/" } }
  ]
}

For more information on routes, see the documentation:

Git

The following configuration options can be used through a vercel.json file like the options above.

github.enabled

Type: Boolean.

When set to false, Vercel for GitHub will not deploy the given project regardless of the GitHub app being installed.

{
  "github": {
    "enabled": false
  }
}

github.autoAlias

Type: Boolean.

When set to false, Vercel for GitHub will not apply the alias upon merge.

{
  "alias": ["example.com"],
  "github": {
    "autoAlias": false
  }
}

github.silent

Type: Boolean.

When set to true, Vercel for GitHub will stop commenting on pull requests and commits.

{
  "github": {
    "silent": true
  }
}

github.autoJobCancelation

Type: Boolean.

When set to false, Vercel for GitHub will always build pushes in sequence without cancelling a build for the most recent commit.

{
  "github": {
    "autoJobCancelation": false
  }
}

Routes

​Vercel uses Routes to define the behavior of how a request is handled by the routing layer. For example, you might use a Route to proxy a URL to another, redirect a client, or apply a header with the response to a request.

By default, routing is defined by the filesystem of your deployment. For example, if a user makes a request to /123.png, and your vercel.json file does not contain any routes with a valid src matching that path, it will fallback to the filesystem and serve /123.png if it exists.

A Route can be defined within a project's vercel.json configuration file as an object within an array assigned to the routes property, like the following which creates a simple proxy from one path to another:

{
  "routes": [{ "src": "/about", "dest": "/about.html" }]
}

An example vercel.json file with a routes property that proxies one path to another upon request.

​Vercel Routes have multiple properties for each route object that help define the behavior of a response to each request to a particular path.

src

Type: String supporting PCRE Regex and Route Parameters like /product/(?<id>[^/]+).

For each route, src is required to set the path which the behavior will affect.

The following example shows a vercel.json configuration that takes a src path and proxies it to a destination dest path.

{
  "routes": [{ "src": "/about", "dest": "/about.html" }]
}

An example vercel.json file with a routes property that proxies one path to another upon request.

dest

Type: String

dest is used to proxy the src path to another path, such as another URL or Vercel hosted Serverless Function.

The example for the src property shows how both methods work together to create a proxy.

{
  "routes": [
    { "src": "/about", "dest": "https://about.me" },
    { "src": "/action", "dest": "my-serverless-function-action/index" }
  ]
}

An example vercel.json file with routes properties that proxy paths to another upon request.

{
  "routes": [{ "src": "/about" }]
}

This will route to /about without proxying, but routes like this are usually redundant with handle filesystem.

headers

Type: Object

The headers property is an object supporting HTTP headers as the keys, with the intended value as the key's value.

An example of using the headers property to add shared caching headers to all files in an images directory:

{
  "routes": [
    {
      "src": "/images/(.*)",
      "headers": { "cache-control": "s-maxage=604800" },
      "dest": "/images/$1"
    }
  ]
}

Setting cache-control headers for all paths under an images directory with routes.

continue

Type: Boolean

The continue property allows routing to continue even though the src was matched.

For example, you can use this property in combination with the headers property to append headers to a broader group of routes instead of applying it to every route.

{
  "routes": [
    {
      "src": "/blog.*",
      "headers": { "Cache-Control": "max-age=3600" },
      "continue": true
    },
    {
      "src": "/blog/([^/]+)",
      "dest": "/blog?slug=$1"
    }
  ]
}

In this case, the Cache-Control header will be applied to any route starting with /blog.

status

Type: Integer

The status property defines the status code that Vercel should respond with when a path is requested.

For example, you can use this property in combination with the headers property to create a redirect with the initial status code of 308 (Moved Permanently).

{
  "routes": [
    {
      "src": "/about.html",
      "status": 308,
      "headers": { "Location": "/about-us.html" }
    }
  ]
}

Redirecting one path to another using the status property to provide a HTTP status code.

Read more about redirecting your www. subdomain to your root domain in the custom domains documentation.

methods

Type: Array

The methods property can be used to define what HTTP request methods a particular path accepts.

The value of this property can be any HTTP request method, with the default being that the path can accept any method.

As an example, you can use this property when you have an API endpoint and only want to allow GET or POST request methods:

{
  "routes": [
    {
      "src": "/api/user.js",
      "methods": ["POST", "GET"],
      "dest": "/api/user.js"
    }
  ]
}

Accepting only POST and GET HTTP request methods on an API endpoint.

Advanced

Cascading Order

Routes are applied in the order they are listed in the routes array. Take the following configuration; for example:

{
  "routes": [
    { "src": "/(.*)", "dest": "/" },
    { "src": "/first-page", "dest": "/first-page.html" }
  ]
}

An incorrect example vercel.json file that will match allroutes and proxy them to /

In the example configuration above, since the first route matches all possible paths, the second route will not be used. The order of these routes would have to switch for the latter route to apply to the /first-page path.

The correct configuration for all routes to take affect would be the following:

{
  "routes": [
    { "src": "/first-page", "dest": "/first-page.html" },
    { "src": "/(.*)", "dest": "/" }
  ]
}

A correct example vercel.json file that will match allroutes, only proxying to / if there are no matches.

This type of configuration can be seen in single-page applications where custom paths need to route to the index.html file.

Route Parameters

Using PCRE Named Subpatterns, or capture groups, you can capture part of a path and use it in either the dest or headers properties.

Using route parameters enables you to change the format of your URLs easily without needing complicated routing code.

For example, if you are using URL parameters but want to use a custom URL path you can use the following:

{
  "routes": [{ "src": "/product/(?<id>[^/]+)", "dest": "/product?id=$id" }]
}

Using a URL parameter in src and proxying it as a custom URL path in dest.

{
  "rewrites": [{ "source": "/product/:id", "destination": "/product" }]
}

An equivalent example to the routes usage above, but instead using rewrites.

This will take a URL, like /product/532004 and proxies it to /product?id=532004 with the user seeing your custom URL in their browser.

As another example, if you want to redirect from all paths under a certain directory but want to keep the path in the new location, you can use the following:

{
  "routes": [
    {
      "src": "/posts/(.*)",
      "status": 301,
      "headers": { "Location": "/blog/$1" }
    }
  ]
}

Redirecting from all paths in the posts directory but keeping the path in the new location.

{
  "redirects": [
    {
      "source": "/posts/(.*)",
      "destination": "/blog/$1",
      "statusCode": 301
    }
  ]
}

An equivalent example to the routes usage above, but instead using redirects.

If you are using a Next.js app and want to learn more about using custom routes with Vercel, read our guide:

Wildcard Routes

Sometimes, you will have wildcard routes that overlap with other routes. For example:

{
  "routes": [
    { "src": "/about" },
    { "src": "/contact" },
    { "src": "/([^/]+)", "dest": "/blog?slug=$1" }
  ]
}

A vercel.json file where filesystem routes are explicitly defined.

You might find that there are many routes without a dest. These routes can be handled without being explicitly defined by using handle filesystem. Handle filesystem works the same as if you hardcoded all the routes in its place.

{
  "routes": [
    { "handle": "filesystem" },
    { "src": "/([^/]+)", "dest": "/blog?slug=$1" }
  ]
}

A vercel.json file, using handle filesystem to route to filesystem routes.

In this example, handle filesystem expands to route /about and /contact.

When using rewrites, handle filesystem is assumed so this example can be simplified to the following:

{
  "rewrites": [{ "source": "/:slug", "destination": "/blog" }]
}

An equivalent example to the routes example above, but instead using rewrites.

Custom 404

If you wish to create a custom 404 page, you should follow your framework's documentation.

• Next.js: Customizing the 404 Page
• Gatsby: Adding a 404 page
• Hugo: Custom 404 Page
• Jekyll: Custom 404 Page
• Eleventy: Adding a 404 Not Found Page

If you need to assign a different file, you can use routes.

{
  "routes": [
    { "handle": "filesystem" },
    { "src": "/(.*)", "status": 404, "dest": "/other-404.html" }
  ]
}

A vercel.json file, assigning other-404.html as the 404 page for any path not matched in the filesystem.

In the snippet above, precedence is given to the filesystem, routing only to /other-404.html when no other file matches the requested path.

In some rare cases, you may wish to set the status code to 404 regardless of the file's existence on the filesystem.

{
  "routes": [{ "src": "/stats", "status": 404, "dest": "/custom.html" }]
}

A vercel.json file, setting a 404 status code for the /stats path.

In the snippet above, visiting the /stats path will respond with a 404 status code.

SPA Fallback

A common pattern with single-page applications (SPAs) is to route everything towards a single file with the application parsing the path to handle the routing itself. Most SPAs have assets to serve as well, so you should handle the filesystem before rewriting the path:

{
  "version": 2,
  "routes": [
    { "handle": "filesystem" },
    { "src": "/.*", "dest": "/index.html" }
  ]
}

A vercel.json file, providing a fallback to index.html after checking for matches against filesystem routes.

{
  "rewrites": [{ "source": "/(.*)", "destination": "/index.html" }]
}

An equivalent example to the routes example above, but instead using rewrites.

In the example above, routing will take place based on the filesystem first, allowing for correct routing of assets and Serverless Functions, before falling back to the index.html file.

Intercepting Routes

Routes can be intercepted by placing them either before or after "handle": "filesystem", this can be used to change the behavior of how your routes work.

For example, say the directory structure of a user's project looks like this:

project/
  about.html
  contact.html
  blog.js
  index.html

An example project directory structure.

If you want to create a route that does not interfere with the other files in the filesystem, you should add "handle": "filesystem" before:

{
  "version": 2,
  "routes": [
    { "handle": "filesystem" },
    { "src": "/(?<slug>[^/]+)", "dest": "/blog?slug=$slug" }
  ]
}

A vercel.json file, providing a /blog route after checking for matches against filesystem routes.

This is the equivalent of writing the routes below except when you add a new file, you don't need to change any config:

{
  "version": 2,
  "routes": [
    { "src": "/about.html", "dest": "/about.html" },
    { "src": "/index.html", "dest": "/index.html" },
    { "src": "/contact.html", "dest": "/contact.html" },
    { "src": "/secret.html", "dest": "/secret.html" },
    { "src": "/(?<slug>[^/]+)", "dest": "/blog?slug=$slug" }
  ]
}

A vercel.json file, expanded to show the effect of using the filesystem to handle routing.

If you want to append headers to block some of those paths, you need a route that comes before "handle": "filesystem":

{
  "version": 2,
  "routes": [
    {
      "src": "/about.html",
      "headers": { "Cache-Control": "max-age=600" },
      "continue": true
    },
    { "src": "/secret.html", "status": 404, "dest": "/404" },
    { "handle": "filesystem" },
    { "src": "/(?<slug>[^/]+)", "dest": "/blog?slug=$slug" }
  ]
}

A vercel.json file that will continue matching routes after /about.html is matched.

By using "continue": true, routes will continue to be matched, rather than stopping at the first match.

Using continue

There are some cases where you might want to continue routing after making a match. This is useful when scoping URLs or appending headers.

Global Headers with continue

A common usage for "continue": true is to add global headers to routes, this is shown in the example:

{
  "version": 2,
  "routes": [
    {
      "src": "/.*",
      "headers": { "Cache-Control": "max-age=3600" },
      "continue": true
    },
    {
      "src": "/blog.*",
      "headers": { "Cache-Control": "max-age=600" },
      "continue": true
    },
    { "src": "/blog/([^/]+)", "dest": "/post?slug=$1" }
  ]
}

A vercel.json file using continue to add global headers.

{
  "headers": [
    {
      "source": "/.*",
      "headers": [
        {
          "key": "Cache-Control",
          "value": "max-age=3600"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "source": "/blog.*",
      "headers": [
        {
          "key": "Cache-Control",
          "value": "max-age=600"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "rewrites": [{ "source": "/blog/:slug", "destination": "/post" }]
}

An equivalent example to the routes example above, but instead using headers and rewrites.

In this example, /test would be cached for 3600, /blog/whatever would be cached for 600. It's important to note when using continue and headers, if a header is already set, it is overridden.

dest and continue

When you need to rewrite the URL without matching, you should use "continue": true.

{
  "version": 2,
  "routes": [
    {
      "src": "/test",
      "headers": { "Cache-Control": "max-age: 600" },
      "continue": true
    },
    { "src": "/(.*)", "dest": "/src/public/$1", "continue": true },
    { "src": "/src/public/test", "dest": "/src/function/test" }
  ]
}

A vercel.json file using continue to rewrite a URL without matching.

{
  "headers": [
    {
      "source": "/test",
      "headers": [
        {
          "key": "Cache-Control",
          "value": "max-age=600"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "rewrites": [
    { "source": "/(.*)", "destination": "/src/public/$1" },
    { "source": "/src/public/test", "destination": "/src/function/test" }
  ]
}

An equivalent example to the routes example above, but instead using headers and rewrites.

In this example, when requesting /test, it will look for a response at /src/public/test. Any routes that follow the dest + continue route will match against the new path. For example, /test would match all 3 routes.

Common Regex

When using the . character in a PCRE Regex, you should keep in mind that in regex, it matches anything. A literal . must be escaped with two backslashes \\\\.. Forward slashes do not need to be escaped because the regular expression is enclosed in quotes.

Incorrect:

{ "src": "\\/test\\/file.json", "status": 404, "dest": "/404" }

An incorrect example of a vercel.json route.

Considering this example, /test/file.json would match, but /test/file-json would too. This is not intended. The \\/ slashes are distracting and needless.

Correct:

{ "src": "/test/file\\\\.json", "status": 404, "dest": "/404" }

A correct example of a vercel.json route.

When using rewrites, the . character is considered a literal unless wrapped in a group.

{
  "rewrites": [
    { "source": "/test/file.json", "destination": "/api/generate-json" },
    { "source": "/proxy/(.*)", "destination": "https://example.com/$1" }
  ]
}

The first rewrite generates a json file from a Serverless Function. The second rewrite proxies all traffic to example.com.

Catch-All Except

A common pattern for URL slugs is catch-all except:

{ "src": "/blog/([^/]+)", "dest": "/blog?post=$1" }

A vercel.json route using a catch-all except regex.

{
  "rewrites": [{ "source": "/blog/:post", "destination": "/blog" }]
}

An equivalent example to the routes example above, but instead using rewrites.

Anything that is not a / will match in $1. This allows /blog/post to work, while not allowing /blog/post/edit.

Negative Lookahead

When using catch-alls, it might make sense to exclude certain patterns instead of just a character. A negative lookahead might be useful with a directory structure similar to this:

project/
  blog/
    index.html
    post.html
  www/
    index.html
    about.html

An example project directory structure.

In order to make / use www/index.html, you have to create a route:

{
  "version": 2,
  "routes": [{ "src": "/(?!blog/?)(.*)", "dest": "/www/$1", "continue": true }]
}

A vercel.json route using a negative lookahead.

(?!blog/?) is a negative lookahead and ensures the route doesn't start with /blog/.

Limits

There is a limit of 256 route objects within a routes array. If there are more than this limit, the deployment will fail.

Global

Using the following files and configuration options, you can configure Vercel CLI under your system user.

There are two global configuration files; config.json and auth.json. By default, these files are held in a directory named .vercel within the user's home directory. For example on Unix based systems they will be found at ~/.vercel/*.json.

config.json

This file is used for global configuration of Vercel deployments. Vercel CLI uses this file as a way to co-ordinate how deployments should be treated, consistently.

The first option is a single _ that gives a description to the file, if a user should find themselves looking through it without context.

The following options are all of the options that can be used by users to configure their Vercel deployments globally on their system for that user profile:

currentTeam

Type: String.

Valid values: A team ID.

This option tells Vercel CLI which context is currently active. If this property exists and contains a team ID, that team is used as the scope for deployments, otherwise if this property does not exist, the user's personal account is used.

{
  "currentTeam": "team_ofwUZockJlL53hINUGCc1ONW"
}

api

Type: String.

Valid values: An API Origin URL.

This option selects which API Origin Vercel CLI should use when performing an action requiring the API.

{
  "api": "https://api-sfo1.zeit.co"
}

collectMetrics

Type: Boolean.

Valid values: true (default), false.

This option defines whether Vercel CLI should collect anonymous metrics about which commands are invoked the most, how long they take to run, and which errors customers are running into.

{
  "collectMetrics": true
}

auth.json

This file should not be edited manually. It exists to contain the authentication information for the Vercel clients.

In the case that you are uploading your global configuration setup to a potentially insecure destination, we highly recommend ensuring that this file will not be uploaded, as it allows an attacker to gain access to your provider accounts.