How to Build a Fullstack App with Next.js, Prisma, and PostgreSQL
Create a fullstack application with Next.js, Prisma, PostgreSQL, and deploy to Vercel.
Prisma is a next-generation ORM that can be used to acccess a database in Node.js and TypeScript applications. In this guide, you'll learn how to implement a fullstack sample blogging application using the following technologies:
- Next.js as the React framework
- Next.js API routes for server-side API routes as the backend
- Prisma as the ORM for migrations and database access
- PostgreSQL as the database
- NextAuth.js for authentication via GitHub (OAuth)
- TypeScript as the programming language
- Vercel for deployment
You'll take advantage of the flexible rendering capabilities of Next.js by using SSG and SSR where it makes sense. At the end, you will deploy the app to Vercel.
Prerequisites
To successfully finish this guide, you'll need:
- Node.js
- A PostgreSQL Database (set up a free PostgreSQL database on Heroku)
- A GitHub Account (to create an OAuth app)
- A Vercel Account (to deploy the app)
Step 1: Set up your Next.js starter project
Navigate into a directory of your choice and run the following command in your terminal to set up a new Next.js project:
npx create-next-app --example https://github.com/nikolasburk/blogr-nextjs-prisma/tree/main blogr-nextjs-prisma
Create and download the starter project from the repo into a new folder.
You can now navigate into the directory and launch the app:
cd blogr-nextjs-prisma && yarn dev
Start the Next.js application at https://localhost:3000.
Here's what it looks like at the moment:
Current state of the application.
The app currently displays hardcoded data that's returned from getStaticProps
in the index.ts
file. Over the course of the next few sections, you'll change this so that the data is returned from an actual database.
Step 2: Set up Prisma and connect your PostgreSQL database
For the purpose of this guide, you'll use a free PosgtreSQL database hosted on Heroku. Follow the steps in this guide to create one.
Alternatively, you can also use a local PostgreSQL database. However, once you reach the deployment step of this guide, you'll need a hosted database so that it can be accessed from the application when it's deployed on Vercel.
Next, you will set up Prisma and connect it to your PostgreSQL database. Start by installing the Prisma CLI via npm:
npm install prisma --save-dev
Install the Prisma CLI.
Now, you can use the Prisma CLI to bootstrap a basic Prisma setup using the following command:
npx prisma init
Initialize Prisma inside your application.
This creates the following files inside a new prisma
directory:
schema.prisma
: Your main Prisma configuration file that will contain your database schema.env
: A dotenv file to define the database connection URL and other sensitive info as environment variables
Open the .env
file and replace the dummy connection URL with the connection URL of your PostgreSQL datababase. For example, if your database is hosted on Heroku, the URL might look as follows:
// .env DATABASE_URL="postgresql://giwuzwpdnrgtzv:d003c6a604bb400ea955c3abd8c16cc98f2d909283c322ebd8e9164b33ccdb75@ec2-54-170-123-247.eu-west-1.compute.amazonaws.com:5432/d6ajekcigbuca9"
An example of your Database connection URL string.
Step 3. Create your database schema with Prisma
In this step, you'll create the tables in your database using the Prisma CLI.
Add the following model definitions to your schema.prisma
so that it looks like this:
// schema.prisma datasource db { provider = "postgresql" url = env("DATABASE_URL") } generator client { provider = "prisma-client-js" } model Post { id Int @default(autoincrement()) @id title String content String? published Boolean @default(false) author User? @relation(fields: [authorId], references: [id]) authorId Int? } model User { id Int @default(autoincrement()) @id name String? email String? @unique createdAt DateTime @default(now()) @map(name: "created_at") updatedAt DateTime @updatedAt @map(name: "updated_at") posts Post[] @@map(name: "users") }
The Prisma schema.
This Prisma schema defines two models, each of which will map to a table in the underlying database: User
and Post
. Notice that there's also a relation (one-to-many) between the two models, via the author
field on Post
and the posts
field on User
.
To actually create the tables in your database, you now can use the following command of the Prisma CLI:
npx prisma db push --preview-feature
Create the tables in your database based on your Prisma schema.
You should see the following output:
Environment variables loaded from /Users/nikolasburk/Desktop/nextjs-guide/blogr-starter/.env Prisma schema loaded from prisma/schema.prisma 🚀 Your database is now in sync with your schema. Done in 2.10s
Output from pushing your Prisma schema to your database.
Congratulations, the tables have been created! Go ahead and add some initial dummy data using Prisma Studio. Run the following command:
npx prisma studio
Open Prisma Studio, a GUI for modifying your database.
Use Prisma Studio's interface to create a new User
and Post
record and connect them via their relation fields.
Create a new `User` record
Create a new `Post` record and connect it to the `User` record
Step 3. Install and generate Prisma Client
Before you can access your database from Next.js using Prisma, you first need to install Prisma Client in your app. You can install it via npm as follows:
npm install @prisma/client
Install the Prisma Client package.
Because Prisma Client is tailored to your own schema, you need to update it every time your Prisma schema file is changing by running the following command:
npx prisma generate
Regenerate your Prisma Schema.
You'll use a single PrismaClient
instance that you can import into any file where it's needed. The instance will be created in a prisma.ts
file inside the lib/
directory. Go ahead and create the missing directory and file:
mkdir lib && touch lib/prisma.ts
Create a new folder for the Prisma library.
Now, add the following code to this file:
// lib/prisma.ts import { PrismaClient } from '@prisma/client' let prisma: PrismaClient if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production') { prisma = new PrismaClient() } else { if (!global.prisma) { global.prisma = new PrismaClient() } prisma = global.prisma } export default prisma
Create a connection to your Prisma Client.
Now, whenever you need access to your database you can import the prisma
instance into the file where it's needed.
Step 4. Update the existing views to load data from the database
The blog post feed that's implemented in pages/index.tsx
and the post detail view in pages/p/[id].tsx
are currently returning hardcoded data. In this step, you'll adjust the implementation to return data from the database using Prisma Client.
Open pages/index.tsx
and add the following code right below the existing import
declarations:
// pages/index.tsx import prisma from '../lib/prisma'
Import your Prisma Client.
Your prisma
instance will be your interface to the database when you want to read and write data in it. You can for example create a new User
record by calling prisma.user.create()
or retrieve all the Post
records from the database with prisma.post.findMany()
. For an overview of the full Prisma Client API, visit the Prisma docs.
Now you can replace the hardcoded feed
object in getStaticProps
inside index.tsx
with a proper call to the database:
// index.tsx export const getStaticProps: GetStaticProps = async () => { const feed = await prisma.post.findMany({ where: { published: true }, include: { author: { select: { name: true }, }, }, }) return { props: { feed } } }
Find all published posts in your database.
There are two things to note about the Prisma Client query:
- A
where
filter is specified to include onlyPost
records wherepublished
istrue
- The
name
of theauthor
of thePost
record is queried as well and will be included in the returned objects
Before running the app, head over the to the /pages/p/[id].tsx
and adjust the implementation there as well to read the correct Post
record from the database.
This page uses getServerSideProps
(SSR) instead of getStaticProps
(SSG). This is because the data is dynamic, it depends on the id
of the Post
that's requested in the URL. For example, the view on route /p/42
displays the Post
where the id
is 42
.
Like before, you first need to import Prisma Client on the page:
// pages/p/[id].tsx import prisma from '../../lib/prisma'
Import your Prisma Client.
Now you can update the implementation of getServerSideProps
to retrieve the proper post from the database and make it available to your frontend via the component's props
:
// pages/p/[id].tsx export const getServerSideProps: GetServerSideProps = async ({ params }) => { const post = await prisma.post.findUnique({ where: { id: Number(params?.id) || -1, }, include: { author: { select: { name: true }, }, }, }) return { props: post, } }
Find a specific post based on the ID.
That's it! If your app is not running any more, you can restart it with the following command:
npm run dev
Start your application at http://localhost:3000.
Otherwise, save the files and open the app at http://localhost:3000
in your browser.
The Post
record will be displayed as follows:
Your newly published post.
You can also click on the post to navigate to its detail view.
Step 5. Set up GitHub authentication with NextAuth
In this step, you will add GitHub authentication to the app. Once that functionality is available, you'll add more features to the app, such that authenticated users can create, publish and delete posts via the UI.
As a first step, go ahead and install the NextAuth.js library in your app:
npm install next-auth
Install the NextAuth library.
Next, you need to change your database schema to add the missing tables that are required by NextAuth.
To change your database schema, you can manually make changes to your Prisma schema and then run the prisma db push
command again. Open schema.prisma
and adjust the models in it to look as follows:
// schema.prisma model Post { id Int @default(autoincrement()) @id title String content String? published Boolean @default(false) author User? @relation(fields: [authorId], references: [id]) authorId Int? } model User { id Int @default(autoincrement()) @id name String? email String? @unique emailVerified DateTime? @map(name: "email_verified") image String? createdAt DateTime @default(now()) @map(name: "created_at") updatedAt DateTime @updatedAt @map(name: "updated_at") posts Post[] @@map(name: "users") } model Account { id Int @default(autoincrement()) @id compoundId String @unique @map(name: "compound_id") userId Int @map(name: "user_id") providerType String @map(name: "provider_type") providerId String @map(name: "provider_id") providerAccountId String @map(name: "provider_account_id") refreshToken String? @map(name: "refresh_token") accessToken String? @map(name: "access_token") accessTokenExpires DateTime? @map(name: "access_token_expires") createdAt DateTime @default(now()) @map(name: "created_at") updatedAt DateTime @default(now()) @map(name: "updated_at") @@index([providerAccountId], name: "providerAccountId") @@index([providerId], name: "providerId") @@index([userId], name: "userId") @@map(name: "accounts") } model Session { id Int @default(autoincrement()) @id userId Int @map(name: "user_id") expires DateTime sessionToken String @unique @map(name: "session_token") accessToken String @unique @map(name: "access_token") createdAt DateTime @default(now()) @map(name: "created_at") updatedAt DateTime @default(now()) @map(name: "updated_at") @@map(name: "sessions") }
The Prisma schema.
To learn more about these models, visit the NextAuth.js docs.
Now you can adjust your database schema by creating the actual tables in the database. Run the following command:
npx prisma db push --preview-feature
Update the tables in your database based on your Prisma schema.
Since you're using GitHub authentication, you also need to create a new OAuth app on GitHub. First, log into your GitHub account. Then, navigate to Settings, then open to Developer Settings, then switch to OAuth Apps.
Create a new OAuth application inside GitHub.
Clicking on the Register a new application (or New OAuth App) button will redirect you to a registration form to fill out some information for your app. The Authorization callback URL should be the Next.js /api/auth
route: http://localhost:3000/api/auth
.
An important thing to note here is that the Authorization callback URL field only supports a single URL, unlike e.g. Auth0, which allows you to add additional callback URLs separated with a comma. This means if you want to deploy your app later with a production URL, you will need to set up a new GitHub OAuth app.
Ensure your Authorization callback URL is correct.
Click on the Register application button, and then you will be able to find your newly generated Client ID and Client Secret. Copy and paste this info into the .env
file in the root directory as the GITHUB_ID
and GITHUB_SECRET
env vars. Also set the NEXTAUTH_URL
to the same value of the Authorization callback URL thar you configured on GitHub: http://localhost:3000/api/auth
# .env # GitHub OAuth GITHUB_ID=6bafeb321963449bdf51 GITHUB_SECRET=509298c32faa283f28679ad6de6f86b2472e1bff NEXTAUTH_URL=http://localhost:3000/api/auth
The completed .env file.
Step 5. Add Log In functionality
The login button and some other UI components will be added to the Header.tsx
file. Open the file and paste the following code into it:
// Header.tsx import React from 'react' import Link from 'next/link' import { useRouter } from 'next/router' import { signOut, useSession } from 'next-auth/client' const Header: React.FC = () => { const router = useRouter() const isActive: (pathname: string) => boolean = (pathname) => router.pathname === pathname const [session, loading] = useSession() let left = ( <div className="left"> <Link href="/"> <a className="bold" data-active={isActive('/')}> Feed </a> </Link> <style jsx>{` .bold { font-weight: bold; } a { text-decoration: none; color: #000; display: inline-block; } .left a[data-active='true'] { color: gray; } a + a { margin-left: 1rem; } `}</style> </div> ) let right = null if (loading) { left = ( <div className="left"> <Link href="/"> <a className="bold" data-active={isActive('/')}> Feed </a> </Link> <style jsx>{` .bold { font-weight: bold; } a { text-decoration: none; color: #000; display: inline-block; } .left a[data-active='true'] { color: gray; } a + a { margin-left: 1rem; } `}</style> </div> ) right = ( <div className="right"> <p>Validating session ...</p> <style jsx>{` .right { margin-left: auto; } `}</style> </div> ) } if (!session) { right = ( <div className="right"> <Link href="/api/auth/signin"> <a data-active={isActive('/signup')}>Log in</a> </Link> <style jsx>{` a { text-decoration: none; color: #000; display: inline-block; } a + a { margin-left: 1rem; } .right { margin-left: auto; } .right a { border: 1px solid black; padding: 0.5rem 1rem; border-radius: 3px; } `}</style> </div> ) } if (session) { left = ( <div className="left"> <Link href="/"> <a className="bold" data-active={isActive('/')}> Feed </a> </Link> <Link href="/drafts"> <a data-active={isActive('/drafts')}>My drafts</a> </Link> <style jsx>{` .bold { font-weight: bold; } a { text-decoration: none; color: #000; display: inline-block; } .left a[data-active='true'] { color: gray; } a + a { margin-left: 1rem; } `}</style> </div> ) right = ( <div className="right"> <p> {session.user.name} ({session.user.email}) </p> <Link href="/create"> <button> <a>New post</a> </button> </Link> <button onClick={() => signOut()}> <a>Log out</a> </button> <style jsx>{` a { text-decoration: none; color: #000; display: inline-block; } p { display: inline-block; font-size: 13px; padding-right: 1rem; } a + a { margin-left: 1rem; } .right { margin-left: auto; } .right a { border: 1px solid black; padding: 0.5rem 1rem; border-radius: 3px; } button { border: none; } `}</style> </div> ) } return ( <nav> {left} {right} <style jsx>{` nav { display: flex; padding: 2rem; align-items: center; } `}</style> </nav> ) } export default Header
Allow the user to log in through the Header.
Here's an overview of how the header is going to render:
- If no user is authenticated, a Log in button will be shown.
- If a user is authenticated, My drafts, New Post and Log out buttons will be shown.
You can already run the app to validate that this works by running npm run dev
, you'll find that the Log in button is now shown. However, if you click it, it does navigate you to http://localhost:3000/api/auth/signin
but Next.js is going to render a 404 page for you.
That's because NextAuth.js requires you to set up a a specific route for authentication. You'll do that next.
Create a new directory and a new file in the pages/api
directory:
mkdir -p pages/api/auth && touch pages/api/auth/[...nextauth].ts
Create a new directory and API route.
In this new pages/api/auth/[...nextauth].ts
file, you now need to add the following boilerplate to configure your NextAuth.js setup with your GitHub OAuth credentials and the Prisma adapter:
// pages/api/auth/[...nextauth].ts import { NextApiHandler } from 'next' import NextAuth from 'next-auth' import Providers from 'next-auth/providers' import Adapters from 'next-auth/adapters' import prisma from '../../../lib/prisma' const authHandler: NextApiHandler = (req, res) => NextAuth(req, res, options) export default authHandler const options = { providers: [ Providers.GitHub({ clientId: process.env.GITHUB_ID, clientSecret: process.env.GITHUB_SECRET, }), ], adapter: Adapters.Prisma.Adapter({ prisma }), secret: process.env.SECRET, }
Set up NextAuth, including the Prisma Adapter.
Once the code is added, you can navigate to http://localhost:3000/api/auth/signin
again. This time, the Sign in with GitHub button is shown.
Sign in with GitHub using NextAuth.
If you click it, you're forwarded to GitHub, where you can authenticate with your GitHub credentials. Once the authentication is done, you'll be redirected back into the app.
npm run dev
.The header layout has now changed to display the buttons for authenticated users.
The Header displaying a log out button.
Step 6. Add new post functionality
In this step, you'll implement a way for a user to create a new post. The user can use this feature by clicking the New post button once they're authenticated.
The button already forwards to the /create
route, however, this currently leads to a 404 because that route is not implemented yet.
To fix that, create a new file in the pages directory that's called create.tsx
:
touch pages/create.tsx
Create a new file for creating posts.
Now, add the following code to the newly created file:
// pages/create.tsx import React, { useState } from 'react' import Layout from '../components/Layout' import Router from 'next/router' const Draft: React.FC = () => { const [title, setTitle] = useState('') const [content, setContent] = useState('') const submitData = async (e: React.SyntheticEvent) => { e.preventDefault() // TODO // You will implement this next ... } return ( <Layout> <div> <form onSubmit={submitData}> <h1>New Draft</h1> <input autoFocus onChange={(e) => setTitle(e.target.value)} placeholder="Title" type="text" value={title} /> <textarea cols={50} onChange={(e) => setContent(e.target.value)} placeholder="Content" rows={8} value={content} /> <input disabled={!content || !title} type="submit" value="Create" /> <a className="back" href="#" onClick={() => Router.push('/')}> or Cancel </a> </form> </div> <style jsx>{` .page { background: white; padding: 3rem; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; } input[type='text'], textarea { width: 100%; padding: 0.5rem; margin: 0.5rem 0; border-radius: 0.25rem; border: 0.125rem solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); } input[type='submit'] { background: #ececec; border: 0; padding: 1rem 2rem; } .back { margin-left: 1rem; } `}</style> </Layout> ) } export default Draft
A new component to create posts.
This page is wrapped by the Layout
component so that it still includes the Header
and any other generic UI components.
It renders a simple form with several input fields. When submitted, the (right now empty) submitData
function is called. In that function, you need to pass the data from the React component to an API route which can then handle the actual storage of the new post data in the database.
Here's how you can implement the function:
// /pages/create.tsx const submitData = async (e: React.SyntheticEvent) => { e.preventDefault() try { const body = { title, content } await fetch('/api/post', { method: 'POST', headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' }, body: JSON.stringify(body), }) await Router.push('/drafts') } catch (error) { console.error(error) } }
Call your API route to create a post.
In this code, you're using the title
and content
properties that are extracted from the component state using useState
and submit them via an HTTP POST request to the api/post
API route.
Afterwards, you're redirecting the user to the /drafts
page so that they can immediately see their newly created draft. If you run the app, the /create
route renders the following UI:
Create a new draft.
Note however that the implementation doesn't quite work yet because neither api/post
nor the /drafts
route exist so far. You'll implement these next.
First, let's make sure your backend can handle the POST request that's submitted by the user. Thanks to the Next.js API routes feature, you don't have to "leave your Next.js app" to implement such functionality but instead you can add it to your pages/api
directory.
Create a new directory called post
with a new file called index.ts
:
mkdir -p pages/api/post && touch pages/api/post/index.ts
Create a new API route to create a post.
pages/api/post.ts
` instead of taking the detour with an extra directory and an index.ts
file. The reason why you're not doing it that way is because you'll need to add a dynamic route for HTTP DELETE
requests at the api/post
route later as well. So, in order to save some refactoring later, you're already structuring the files in the required way.Now, add the following code to pages/api/post/index.ts
:
// pages/api/post/index.ts import { getSession } from 'next-auth/client' import prisma from '../../../lib/prisma' // POST /api/post // Required fields in body: title // Optional fields in body: content export default async function handle(req, res) { const { title, content } = req.body const session = await getSession({ req }) const result = await prisma.post.create({ data: { title: title, content: content, author: { connect: { email: session?.user?.email } }, }, }) res.json(result) }
Update the API route to modify the database using the Prisma Client.
This code implements the handler function for any requests coming in at the /api/post/
route. The implementation does the following: First it extracts the title
and cotent
from the body of the incoming HTTP POST request. After that, it checks whether the request is coming from an authenticated user with the getSession
helper function from NextAuth.js. And finally, it uses Prisma Client to create a new Post
record in the database.
You can now test this functionality by opening the app, making sure you're authenticated and create a new post with title and content:
Testing creating a new post via the API Route.
Once you click Create, the Post
record will be added to the database. Note that the /drafts
route that you're being redirected to right after the creation still renders a 404, that will be fixed soon. However, if you run Prisma Studio again with npx prisma studio
, you'll see that the new Post
record has been added to the database.
Step 6. Add drafts functionality
In this step, you'll add a new page to the app that allows an authenticated user to view their current drafts.
This page can't be statically rendered because it depends on a user who is authenticated. Pages like this that get their data dynamically based on an authenticated users are a great use case for server-side rendering (SSR) via getServerSideProps
.
First, create a new file in the pages
directory and call it drafts.tsx
:
touch pages/drafts.tsx
Create a new page for your drafts.
Next, add the following code to that file:
// pages/drafts.tsx import React from 'react' import { GetServerSideProps } from 'next' import Layout from '../components/Layout' import Post, { PostProps } from '../components/Post' import { useSession, getSession } from 'next-auth/client' import prisma from '../lib/prisma' export const getServerSideProps: GetServerSideProps = async ({ req, res }) => { const session = await getSession({ req }) if (!session) { res.statusCode = 403 return { props: { drafts: [] } } } const drafts = await prisma.post.findMany({ where: { author: { email: session.user.email }, published: false, }, include: { author: { select: { name: true }, }, }, }) return { props: { drafts }, } } type Props = { drafts: PostProps[] } const Drafts: React.FC<Props> = (props) => { const [session] = useSession() if (!session) { return ( <Layout> <h1>My Drafts</h1> <div>You need to be authenticated to view this page.</div> </Layout> ) } return ( <Layout> <div className="page"> <h1>My Drafts</h1> <main> {props.drafts.map((post) => ( <div key={post.id} className="post"> <Post post={post} /> </div> ))} </main> </div> <style jsx>{` .post { background: white; transition: box-shadow 0.1s ease-in; } .post:hover { box-shadow: 1px 1px 3px #aaa; } .post + .post { margin-top: 2rem; } `}</style> </Layout> ) } export default Drafts
Update the Draft page to show a list of drafts.
In this React component, you're rendering a list of "drafts" of the authenticated user. The drafts are retrieved from the database during server-side rendering, because the database query with Prisma Client is executed in getServerSideProps
. The data is then made available to the React component via its props
.
To make this code work, you also need to make a quick change in your application's root file _app.tsx
and wrap your current root component with a Provider
from the next-auth/client
package. Open the file and replace its current contents with the following code:
// _app.tsx import { Provider } from 'next-auth/client' import { AppProps } from 'next/app' const App = ({ Component, pageProps }: AppProps) => { return ( <Provider session={pageProps.session}> <Component {...pageProps} /> </Provider> ) } export default App
Wrap your application with the NextAuth Provider.
If you now navigate to the My drafts section of the app, you'll see the unpublished post that you created before:
Completed drafts page.
Step 7. Add Publish functionality
To "move" the draft to the public feed view, you need to be able to "publish" it – that is, setting the published
field of a Post
record to true
. This functionality will be implemented in the post detail view that currently lives in pages/p/[id].tsx
.
The functionality will be implemented via an HTTP PUT request that'll be sent to a api/publish
route in your "Next.js backend". Go ahead and implement that route first.
Create a new directory inside the pages/api
directory called publish
. Then create a new file called [id].ts
in the new directory:
mkdir -p pages/api/publish && touch pages/api/publish/[id].ts
Create a new API route to publish a post.
Now, add the following code to the newly created file:
// pages/api/publish/[id].ts import prisma from '../../../lib/prisma' // PUT /api/publish/:id export default async function handle(req, res) { const postId = req.query.id const post = await prisma.post.update({ where: { id: Number(postId) }, data: { published: true }, }) res.json(post) }
Update the API route to modify the database using the Prisma Client.
This is the implementation of an API route handler which retrieves the ID of a Post
from the URL and then uses Prisma Client's update
method to set the published
field of the Post
record to true
.
Next, you'll implement the functionality on the frontend in the pages/p/[id].tsx
file. Open up the file and replace its contents with the following:
// pages/p/[id].tsx import React from 'react' import { GetServerSideProps } from 'next' import ReactMarkdown from 'react-markdown' import Layout from '../../components/Layout' import Router from 'next/router' import { PostProps } from '../../components/Post' import { useSession } from 'next-auth/client' import prisma from '../../lib/prisma' export const getServerSideProps: GetServerSideProps = async ({ params }) => { const post = await prisma.post.findUnique({ where: { id: Number(params?.id) || -1, }, include: { author: { select: { name: true, email: true }, }, }, }) return { props: post, } } async function publishPost(id: number): Promise<void> { await fetch(`http://localhost:3000/api/publish/${id}`, { method: 'PUT', }) await Router.push('/') } const Post: React.FC<PostProps> = (props) => { const [session, loading] = useSession() if (loading) { return <div>Authenticating ...</div> } const userHasValidSession = Boolean(session) const postBelongsToUser = session?.user?.email === props.author?.email let title = props.title if (!props.published) { title = `${title} (Draft)` } return ( <Layout> <div> <h2>{title}</h2> <p>By {props?.author?.name || 'Unknown author'}</p> <ReactMarkdown source={props.content} /> {!props.published && userHasValidSession && postBelongsToUser && ( <button onClick={() => publishPost(props.id)}>Publish</button> )} </div> <style jsx>{` .page { background: white; padding: 2rem; } .actions { margin-top: 2rem; } button { background: #ececec; border: 0; border-radius: 0.125rem; padding: 1rem 2rem; } button + button { margin-left: 1rem; } `}</style> </Layout> ) } export default Post
Update the Post component to handle publishing via the API Route.
This code adds the publishPost
function to the React component which is responsible for sending the HTTP PUT request to the API route you just implemented. The render
function of the component is also adjusted to check whether the user is authenticated, and if that's the case, it'll display the Publish button in the post detail view as well:
The publish button shown for a post.
If you click the button, you will be redirected to the public feed and the post will be displayed there!
getStaticProps
to retrieve the data for this view. If you want it to be updated "immediately", consider changing getStaticProps
togetServerSideProps
or using Incremental Static Regeneration.Step 8. Add Delete functionality
The last piece of functionality you'll implement in this guide is to enable users to delete existing Post
records. You'll follow a similar approach as for the "publish" functionality by first implementing the API route handler on the backend, and then adjust your frontend to make use of the new route!
Create a new file in the pages/api/post
directory and call it [id].ts
:
touch pages/api/post/[id].ts
Create a new API route to delete a post.
Now, add the following code to it:
// pages/api/post/[id].ts import prisma from '../../../lib/prisma' // DELETE /api/post/:id export default async function handle(req, res) { const postId = req.query.id if (req.method === 'DELETE') { const post = await prisma.post.delete({ where: { id: Number(postId) }, }) res.json(post) } else { throw new Error( `The HTTP ${req.method} method is not supported at this route.` ) } }
Update the API route to modify the database using the Prisma Client.
This code handles HTTP DELETE
requests that are coming in via the /api/post/:id
URL. The route handler then retrieves the id
of the Post
record from the URL and uses Prisma Client to delete this record in the database.
To make use of this feature on the frontend, you again need to adjust the post detail view. Open pages/p/[id].tsx
and insert the following function right below the publishPost
function:
// pages/p/[id].tsx async function deletePost(id: number): Promise<void> { await fetch(`http://localhost:3000/api/post/${id}`, { method: 'DELETE', }) Router.push('/') }
Update the Post component to handle deleting via the API Route.
Now, you can follow a similar approach with the Delete button as you did with the Publish button and render it only if the user is authenticated. To achieve this, you can add this code directly in the return
part of the Post
component right below where the Publish button is rendered:
// pages/p/[id].tsx { !props.published && userHasValidSession && postBelongsToUser && ( <button onClick={() => publishPost(props.id)}>Publish</button> ) } { userHasValidSession && postBelongsToUser && ( <button onClick={() => deletePost(props.id)}>Delete</button> ) }
Logic to determine whether to show the publish and delete buttons.
You can now try out the new functionality by creating a new draft, navigating to its detail view and then clicking the newly appearing Delete button:
The Delete button showing on the post page.
Step 9. Deploy to Vercel
In this final step, you're going to deploy the app to Vercel from a GitHub repo.
Before you can deploy, you need to:
- Create another OAuth app on GitHub
- Create a new GitHub repo and push your project to it
To start with the OAuth app, go back to step Step 5. Set up GitHub authentication with NextAuth and follow the steps to create another OAuth app via the GitHub UI.
This time, the Authorization Callback URL needs to match the domain of your future Vercel deployment which will be based on the Vercel project name. As a Vercel project name, you will choose blogr-nextjs-prisma
prepended with your first and lastname: FIRSTNAME-LASTNAME-blogr-nextjs-prisma
. For example, if you're called "Jane Doe", your project name should be jane-doe-blogr-nextjs-prisma
.
The Authorization Callback URL must therefore be set to https://FIRSTNAME-LASTNAME-blogr-nextjs-prisma.vercel.app/api/auth
. Once you created the application, adjust your .env
file and set the Client ID as the GITHUB_ID
env var and a Client secret as the GITHUB_SECRET
env var. The NEXTAUTH_URL
env var needs to be set to the same value as the Authorization Callback URL on GitHub: https://FIRSTNAME-LASTNAME-blogr-nextjs-prisma.vercel.app/api/auth
.
Update the Authorization callback URL.
Next, create a new GitHub repository with the same name, e.g. jane-doe-blogr-nextjs-prisma
. Now, copy the three terminal commands from the bottom section that says ...or push an existing repository from the command line, it should look similar to this:
git remote add origin git@github.com:janedoe/jane-doe-blogr-nextjs-prisma.git git branch -M main git push -u origin main
Push to an existing repository.
You now should have your new repository ready at https://github.com/GITHUB_USERNAME/FIRSTNAME-LASTNAME-blogr-nextjs-prisma
, e.g. https://github.com/janedoe/jane-doe-blogr-nextjs-prisma
.
With the GitHub repo in place, you can now import it to Vercel in order to deploy the app:
Now, provide the URL of your GitHub repo in the text field:
Import a git repository to Vercel.
Click Continue. The next screen requires you to set the environment variables for your production deployment:
Add environment variables to Vercel.
Here's what you need to provide:
DATABASE_URL
: Copy this value directly from your.env
fileGITHUB_ID
: Set this to the Client ID of the GitHub OAuth app you just createdGITHUB_SECRET
: Set this to the Client Secret of the GitHub OAuth app you just createdNEXTAUTH_URL
: Set this to the Authorization Callback URL of the GitHub OAuth app you just created
Once all environment variables are set, hit Deploy. Your app is now being deployed to Vercel. Once it's ready, Vercel will show you the following success screen:
Your application deployed to Vercel.
You can click the Visit button to view the deployed version of your fullstack app 🎉
Conclusion
In this guide, you learned how to build and deploy a fullstack application using Next.js, Prisma, and PostgreSQL. If you ran into issue or have any questions about this guide, feel free to raise them on GitHub or drop them in the Prisma Slack.