---
title: Lifecycle of a domain
description: "From active to available: the domain expiration timeline for a .com domain"
url: /kb/guide/lifecycle-of-a-domain
canonical_url: "https://vercel.com/kb/guide/lifecycle-of-a-domain"
last_updated: 2026-01-23
authors: Anders Morley-Hagström
related: []
install_vercel_plugin: npx plugins add vercel/vercel-plugin
---

In this article, we'll walk through the different states a `.com` domain passes through from registration to deletion, so you'll know exactly when and how you can take action to maintain ownership of your domain.

* * *

#### Active

The domain is registered and functioning normally. DNS resolution and traffic behaviour depend on how the domain is configured. If the domain is not renewed before its expiration date, it exits the **Active** state. Domains on Vercel can be set to automatically renew before their expiry date, or manually renewed 364 days or less before it.

* * *

#### Grace Period

After expiration, the domain enters the **Grace Period**, which lasts up to 45 days. During this period:

- The domain can be renewed at the standard renewal price directly in the Vercel platform
  
- The domain remains reserved for the current registrant
  
- **Note:** While most gTLDs like (`.com`/`.net`/`.org`) have a grace period, not all TLDs do. Some TLDs move to the **Pending Delete** stage directly after the expiry date has passed.
  

Renewing during this period immediately returns the domain to the Active state.

* * *

#### Redemption

If not renewed during the Grace Period, the domain enters the **Redemption Period** (30 days for `.com` domains). At this stage:

- The domain no longer resolves
  
- Transfers are not allowed
  
- The domain can be restored by paying a redemption fee plus the renewal fee. This fee is paid by the customer via Vercel to the registry to manually redeem your domain. Vercel does not profit from domain redemptions.
  
- **Note:** Just as with **Grace Period**, not all TLDs offer a **Redemption Period**, and some TLDs skip this step completely.
  

A successful redemption returns the domain to the **Active** state.

* * *

#### Pending Delete

After **Redemption** ends, the domain enters **Pending Delete** for 5 days. This is a final, non-recoverable state:

- The domain cannot be renewed or restored
  
- We can no longer recover the domain on your behalf, and the “Renew” button will be greyed out on your domain page.
  

* * *

#### Available

After **Pending Delete** completes, the domain is deleted from the registry and becomes available for anyone to register. The previous registrant no longer has any priority or recovery rights.

* * *

**Note:** The lifecycle described above applies to `.com` domains, our most common gTLD. Most other gTLDs (such as `.org` and `.net`) follow the same flow, but ccTLDs (country code domains like `.be` or `.pl`) often have different rules set by their respective registries. Some may have shorter grace or redemption periods, while others bypass these recovery states entirely and delete domains immediately upon expiration. To find the specific lifecycle policy for your TLD, search for "`[your TLD] registry lifecycle`" or "`[your TLD] redemption grace period`" (for example, ".`ca registry lifecycle`").